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PATTERN INDEX
TOPIK 1-2TOPIK 1-2 pattern list
- N입니다is / are
- N에 와요comes to (a place)
- 안inside
- 밖outside
- 사이between; relationship
- V-(으)세요Please do … (a polite request or instruction)
- A/V-네요Oh, ...!
- N을/를 잘하다to be good at …
- N을/를 잘 못하다to be not very good at
- 못 Vcan't V
- N한테 [께]to (someone)
- V-(으)ㄹ게요I'll … (a promise or decision told to the listener)
- V-(으)러 오다come to V
- V-거나or
- N(이)나or
- V-아/어 보다try doing; have done before
- N인데I'm …, this is … (sets up the premise before the point)
- 르 불규칙 활용르-irregular conjugation (르 → ㄹㄹ before -아/어)
- V-는지 모르다I don't know whether / what …
- A/V-(으)ㄹ 때when
- V-는데요… , you see (setting up the situation and leaving the rest to the listener)
- A-(으)ㄴ가요?Is it…? — a softened way of asking
- V-나요?Do/Does …? (a soft, polite question)
- A-(으)ㄴ데…, but … (sets up a situation before turning)
- V-는 편이다tend to
TOPIK 3-4TOPIK 3-4 pattern list
- N(이)다is / am / are (written statement)
- V-(으)라고 하다tell/ask someone to do
- 누구나anyone, everyone
- 언제나always
- 어디나everywhere
- V-냐고 하다[묻다]to ask whether … (reporting a question)
- A/V-(으)ㄹ 줄 몰랐다I had no idea it would …
- V-지 그래(요)?why don't you …? / you should just …
- A/V-거든(요)Because … (giving a reason the listener doesn't know)
- A/V-아야/어야 할 텐데(요)I hope ..., but I’m worried
- V-기 위해(서)in order to
- V-아지다/어지다gets …ed, ends up in a …ed state
- A-(으)ㄴ데도 불구하고even though, despite
- V-고 있다-ing, is doing
- A-아/어하다to feel or show an emotion (of others) (verbs such as 좋아하다 and 싫어하다 are also common for your own feelings)
- A-다니까(요)I’m telling you!
- A-다면서요?I hear that… is that right?
- A/V-기는커녕, N은/는커녕far from; let alone
- A/V-(으)ㄹ 수밖에 없다have no choice but to (can only)
- V-다 보니(까)After doing … for a while, … (a result you arrive at)
- A-(으)ㄴ지 A-(으)ㄴ지, V-는지 V-는지whether A or B
- A-다는 것은 N에서 알 수 있다you can tell … from …
- N에 의하면according to…
- V-(으)려다(가)was going to … but
- N마저even the last remaining N
TOPIK 5-6TOPIK 5-6 pattern list
- 설마 A/V-겠어요?Surely not?
- N에 의해(서)by N (marks the agent or cause)
- V-는 등 N에 재능을 발휘하다showed talent in…, by doing… and so on
- N을/를 시작으로 N을/를 거쳐 N을/를 맡다[하다]Start as N, progress through N, serve as N
- N은/는 N에 그치다[불과하다]only amounts to N (falling short of expectations)
- N 외[이외]apart from …; other than …
- V-(으)오니Since …, (please …)
- N에서 N의 비중이 높다the share of … within … is high (large / small / low)
- N(으)로 인해due to, owing to
- A-기 그지없다extremely; beyond measure
- A/V-기에because
- 따지고 보면when you think about it, ultimately
- N 바람[열풍]이 불다a wave of N; an N craze
- A-(으)ㄴ/V-는 만큼since; as much as (reason or proportion)
- (V-(으)ㄹ 겸) V-(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서)partly to … and partly to …; while you're at it
- N은/는 A/V-(으)ㅁ을 알려 주다shows that, indicates that
- A-(으)ㄴ가/V-는가에 대한 논란이 있다[뜨겁다/일다]there is debate over whether
- A/V-다는 지적이 있다[많다]It has been pointed out that … (a criticism)
- A/V-(으)련만would ..., but unfortunately ...
- A/V-거니와not only ... but also ...
- A/V-(으)리라surely …, I trust it will …
- N(으)로 보다judging by…, from the standpoint of…
- V-(으)ㄹ래야 V-(으)ㄹ 수(가) 없다Even if you want to …, you can't
- N만 해도[하더라도]even just N
- V-ㄴ/는답시고claiming to V, but with poor results
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