TOPIK 5-6

A/V-(으)련만usage

would ..., but unfortunately ...

The first clause gives what is expected or naturally assumed to happen, while the following clause states the different reality. It often appears with a condition or supposition, as in -(으)면 -(으)련만 or -았/었더라면 -았/었으련만, to convey regret. The following clause may be omitted, with the sentence ending in -(으)련만 to leave the regret lingering. This pattern is used in writing or formal speech; in everyday conversation, -(으)ㄹ 텐데 is more natural.

접속 conjugation

  • Vowel-final stem + -련만
    • 오다오련만
    • 기쁘다기쁘련만
  • Consonant-final stem + -으련만
    • 좋다좋으련만
    • 받다받으련만
  • Stem ending in ㄹ + -련만
    • 알다알련만
    • 줄다줄련만

예문

EXAMPLES
날씨만 좋으면 산에 오르련만 오늘은 비가 그치지 않는다.
If only the weather were nice, I'd hike up the mountain, but the rain just won't stop today.from 2026.10.05 Mon the examples
알았어. 사계절이 다 봄이면 좋으련만. 그럼 관리비 걱정은 없을 텐데.
Okay. If only every season were spring. Then we wouldn't have to worry about the utility bill.from 2026.10.05 Mon the everyday dialogue
정부가 조금만 더 일찍 대책을 세웠다면 피해가 줄었으련만 대응은 늘 한발 늦었다.
If only the government had taken action a little earlier, the damage could have been reduced, but its response was, as always, one step behind.from 2026.10.06 Tue the examples
시간만 있으면 고향에 자주 내려가련만 요즘은 그럴 여유가 없네요.
If I had the time, I’d go back to my hometown more often, but these days I simply can’t spare it.from 2026.10.06 Tue the examples
그렇게 말씀해 주시니 다행입니다. 공급처를 한 곳만 더 확보해 두었더라면 이런 일은 없었으련만, 정말 죄송합니다.
I’m relieved to hear you say that. If only we had secured one more supplier, this wouldn’t have happened. I sincerely apologize.from 2026.10.06 Tue the business dialogue
※-(으)ㄹ 텐데 has a similar meaning but is widely used in everyday conversation, while -(으)련만 belongs to formal language such as writing or speeches; -지만 merely contrasts two facts, whereas -(으)련만 also conveys an expectation that things should have turned out that way and regret that they did not

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